تنطلق هذه الدراسة من فرضية تحول الإرهاب إلى ظاهرة عابرة للحدود، مما يضع أنظمة إدارة الحدود التقليدية أمام تحديات متعددة ومتغيرة، يستوجب التعامل معها بشكل مستمر، وبتطبيق منهجية تحليلية مقارنة، تشخص الدراسة أنماط التهديد المعاصرة كالتسلل عبر الحدود، والتمويل عبر تهريب الموارد، والإرهاب السيبراني، مؤكدة أن هذه المخاطر تعتمد على الفراغات التنظيمية والتباين التشريعي والتقني بين الدول؛ حيث رصدت خمسة تحديات محورية تعيق كفاءة المواجهة، تبدأ من غياب التعريف الموحد للإرهاب، وصولاً إلى تهميش المناطق الحدودية تنموياً ونقص تكنولوجيا المراقبة الذكية التي توازن بين مقتضيات الأمن وحقوق الإنسان.
وتخلص الدراسة إلى أن المواجهة الناجعة تتطلب مقاربة شاملة تتجاوز الردع العسكري إلى حوكمة الحدود، عبر مسارات تنفيذية تشمل تحديث القوانين لتجريم التمويل الرقمي، والاستثمار في الحدود الذكية المعتمدة على الذكاء الاصطناعي، وتفعيل مركز إقليمي للإنذار المبكر، وتؤكد التوصيات على ضرورة تحصين المجتمعات الحدودية تنموياً لقطع الطريق أمام الاستقطاب، معتبرة أن تأمين الحدود في الدول العربية لم يعد مجرد إجراء رقابي، بل هو منظومة متكاملة تدمج التشريع والأمن والتنمية، لضمان تحويل المناطق الحدودية من نقاط ضعف إلى دروع حصينة تحقق الأمن المستدام.
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